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Gridded Agro-Meteorological Data in Europe

Date Published: 11/01/2024

The JRC MARS Meteorological Database contains meteorological observations from weather stations interpolated on a 25x25 km grid, on a daily basis from 1979 to the last calendar year completed, for the European Union and neighbouring countries.

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Monthly Heating and Cooling Degree Days in the European Union

Date Published: 15/04/2024

Monthly Heating and Cooling Degree Days in the European Union. The time series starts in 1979 until last year completed, the 1978 year contains the long-term average that covers the period 1991-(last year completed).

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Harmonised sub-national crop statistics of the European Union

Date Published: 16/10/2023

Harmonised sub-national crop statistics on area, production, and yield, collected for the EU from National Statistical Institutes and the Eurostat REGIO Database

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Yearly modeled crop area in EU at regional level

Date Published: 15/12/2022

Yearly modeled crop area in EU at regional level

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Yearly modeled crop area in EU at grid level

Date Published: 15/12/2022

Yearly modeled crop area in EU at grid level

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NetCDF Lat-Lon regular grid Meteorological data in Europe

Date Published: 17/01/2024

The 0.31x0.31 degrees lat-lon regular grid data is mainly designed for meteo-climate applications/users. This resource is based on the 25X25km gridded agro-meteorological data set.

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European Irrigation Map for the year 2010 (EIM2010)

Date Published: 20/06/2022

This dataset describes the distribution of irrigated crops in Europe in 10 km x 10km spatial resolution.

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Gridded Remote Sensing Data in Europe

Date Published: 16/08/2016

Remote Sensing data for vegetation monitoring in Europe.

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Gridded winter soft wheat phenological database for Europe

Date Published: 09/10/2019

The gridded phenological database contains spatial distribution at 25x25 km grid level of four phenological parameters for modelling winter soft wheat phenological development

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Gridded Remote Sensing Long Term Average in Europe

Date Published: 16/08/2016

Remote Sensing long term average for vegetation monitoring in Europe.

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Weather scenarios for Latin America and the Caribbean – EUROCLIMA-1

Date Published: 19/10/2015

The resource consists of the future weather scenarios generated for the EUROCLIMA 1 project: (2GGCM X 2 SRES X 2 Time Horizons). Ref.: Euroclima Scientific component Final Report, JRC Technical Reports 2014 pag. 66

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ISIMIP weather scenarios 1981-2099 RCPs 4.5/8.5 for South America – EUROCLIMA-2

Date Published: 17/07/2017

The resource consists of the ISIMIP weather scenarios for the EUROCLIMA 2 project: (5 Models X 2 Rcp: 4.5/8.5). Ref.: Euroclima2 Scientific component Final Report, JRC Technical Reports (not yet available)

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Daily weather data for crop modelling over Europe derived from climate change scenarios

Date Published: 01/09/2015

The resource consists of consolidated and coherent future daily weather data for Europe on a 25x25 km grid designed for crop modelling. The dataset is based on three time horizons (2000, 2020 and 2030), each represented by 30 synthetic years.

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Crop Calendar

Date Published: 03/06/2015

This resource contains 3 PDF files. They report the crop calendars in the European Union (EU) at national level for: winter wheat (soft and durum), grain maize and rice.

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Crop yield simulations on RCP

Date Published: 12/12/2014

Results of crop yield simulations on Representative Concentrations Pathway (RCP) aggregated at NUTS 2 level for EU with Norway and Switzerland.

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Agri4cast data collected for research activities is made freely available for both access and reuse. Decision 2011/833/EU on the reuse of Commission documents. Agri4cast data and indicators come from research activities and proved to be reusable in policy support, education, consulting and business. See Article “European meteorological data: contribution to research, development, and policy support”.

Version	2024.01
Date Published	11/01/2024
PROPERTIES
Creator	Food Security Unit of the Joint Research Center (JRC.D.5)
Publisher	Joint Research Centre European Commission
Description	The JRC MARS Meteorological Database contains meteorological observations from weather stations interpolated on a 25x25 km grid, on a daily basis from 1979 to the last calendar year completed, for the European Union and neighbouring countries.
Disclaimer	Info web page
Interpolation	Info web page
Grid Definition	Download file
DIMENSIONS
Grid Spatial Projection	Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
Grid EPSG Code	3035
Grid Resolution	25 km
Period	From: 01/01/1979 - To: 31/12/2023
Time Resolution	1 day
INDICATORS
Variables	maximum air temperature (°C), minimum air temperature (°C), mean air temperature (°C), mean daily wind speed at 10m (m/s), vapour pressure (hPa), sum of precipitation (mm/day), potential evapotranspiration from a crop canopy (mm/day), total global radiation (KJ/m2/day)

Version	2024.02
Date Published	15/04/2024
PROPERTIES
Description	Monthly Heating and Cooling Degree Days in the European Union. The time series starts in 1979 until last year completed, the 1978 year contains the long-term average that covers the period 1991-(last year completed).
Disclaimer	Info web page
Spatial Resolution	Country, NUTS1,NUTS2,NUTS3 (version NUTS 2021)
Temporal Resolution	Monthly
Rationale	Info web page
DIMENSIONS
Year and Month Range	From: 1979/1 - To: 2023/12
INDICATORS
Variables	Cooling Degree Day Index, Heating Degree Day Index

Version	2023.v01
Date Published	16/10/2023
PROPERTIES
Creator	Food Security Unit of the Joint Research Center (JRC.D.5)
Publisher	Joint Research Centre European Commission
Description	Harmonised sub-national crop statistics on area, production, and yield, collected for the EU from National Statistical Institutes and the Eurostat REGIO Database
Disclaimer	Info web page
Rationale	Info web page
Eurostat Legend	Info web page
Country Fiches	Info web page
All metadata	Info web page
DIMENSIONS
Crop	Total Wheat, Soft Wheat, Durum Wheat, Total Barley, Winter Barley, Spring Barley, Grain Maize, Sunflower, Sugar Beet
Type value [unit]	Area [ha], Production [t], Yield [t/ha]
Region	Sub-national level (NUTS version 2016)
Year	From: 1975 - To: 2020
Temporal Resolution	Yearly
INDICATORS
Variables	Value, Data source, Calculated using regions, Calculated using crops, Calculated value, Coherence between indicators, Zero set as null, Coherence between crops, Unit of measure

Version	2022.01
Date Published	15/12/2022
PROPERTIES
Author	Directorate D - Sustainable resources / Unit 05 - Food security
Description	Yearly modeled crop area in EU at regional level
Geographic Area	Europe
Temporal Resolution	Yearly
Update Frequency	Yearly
Rationale	Info web page
Main EuroVoc Domain	56 AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES
Format	text/csv
Spatial Projection	Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
EPSG Code	3035
Administrative Borders Definition	Info web page
Disclaimer	Info web page
DIMENSIONS
Crop List	SoftWheat (1),GrainMaize (2),SpringBarley (3),Rye (4),Rice (5),SugarBeet (6),Potatoes (7),FieldBeans (8),SoyBean (9),WinterRapeseed (10),Sunflower (11),FodderMaize (12),WinterBarley (13),DurumWheat (41),Barley (42),Triticale (43),TurnipRapeseed (46),Rapeseed (60),SpringRapeseed (62)
Years	From: 1980 - To: 2022
INDICATORS
Variables	Modeled Crop Area

Version	2022.01
Date Published	15/12/2022
PROPERTIES
Author	Directorate D - Sustainable resources / Unit 05 - Food security
Description	Yearly modeled crop area in EU at grid level
Geographic Area	Europe
Temporal Resolution	Yearly
Update Frequency	Yearly
Rationale	Info web page
Main EuroVoc Domain	56 AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES
Format	text/csv
Spatial Projection	Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
EPSG Code	3035
Grid Definition	Download file
Disclaimer	Info web page
DIMENSIONS
Crop List	SoftWheat (1),GrainMaize (2),SpringBarley (3),Rye (4),Rice (5),SugarBeet (6),Potatoes (7),FieldBeans (8),SoyBean (9),WinterRapeseed (10),Sunflower (11),FodderMaize (12),WinterBarley (13),DurumWheat (41),Barley (42),Triticale (43),TurnipRapeseed (46),Rapeseed (60),SpringRapeseed (62)
Grid Spatial Projection	Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
Grid EPSG Code	3035
Grid Resolution	25 km
Years	From: 1980 - To: 2022
INDICATORS
Variables	Modeled Crop Area

Version	2016.01
Date Published	16/08/2016
PROPERTIES
Creator	Food Security Unit of the Joint Research Center (JRC.D.5)
Publisher	Joint Research Centre European Commission
Description	Remote Sensing data for vegetation monitoring in Europe. The aggregation procedure considers only pixel with a given threshold of land cover according to Genovese et al. methodology [ 2001 - Agronomie 21, 91–111].
Disclaimer	Info web page
Wiki	Info web page
Download URL	Download file
Grid Definition	Download file
DIMENSIONS
Land cover	no mask, rainfed cropland, arable land (irrigated and rainfed), agrcultural areas (arable land and mosaic arable land), pasture, rice.
Grid Spatial Projection	Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
Grid EPSG Code	3035
Grid Resolution	25 km
Sensor	METOP AVHRR
Biophysical Indicator	NDVI, NDVI smoothed, FAPAR, FAPAR smoothed
Threshold	0%, 50%, 100%
Period	From: 11/03/2007 - To: 31/12/2016
Time Resolution	Ten-daily
INDICATORS
Variables	Mean Pixel value

Version	2019.01
Date Published	09/10/2019
PROPERTIES
Description	The gridded phenological database contains spatial distribution at 25x25 km grid level of four phenological parameters for modelling winter soft wheat phenological development: TSUM1 (growing degree days from emergence to full flowering), TSUM2 (growing degree days from flowering to physiological maturity), SOWING (sowing dates) and VERNSAT (required duration of exposure to vernalizing temperatures). The database was constructed through spatial calibration of winter soft wheat phenology across Europe, on the basis of field phenological observations combined with regional cropping calendars. The base temperature to calculate TSUM1 and TSUM2 is 0 °C. The autumn sowing dates are determined as the first day when the 7-day running long-term-average daily temperature drops below 11 °C. Vernalizing temperatures range between -4 °C and 17 °C, which represent minimum and maximum temperatures for effective vernalization, respectively. The optimal vernalization temperatures range between 3 °C and 10 °C. More details on the calibration procedure and the phenological model (including vernalization) can be found in the reference below, which should be also cited when using this dataset.
Source	Info web page
Creator	Food Security Unit of the Joint Research Center (JRC.D.5)
Publisher	Joint Research Centre European Commission
Disclaimer	Info web page
Grid Definition	Download file
DIMENSIONS
Grid Spatial Projection	Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
Grid EPSG Code	3035
Grid Resolution	25 km
INDICATORS
Variables	Temperature sum from emergence to flowering, Temperature sum from flowering to physiological maturity, Sowing day, Saturated vernalization requirements

Version	2015.01
Date Published	19/10/2015
PROPERTIES
Creator	Directorate D - Sustainable resources / Unit 05 - Food security
Publisher	Joint Research Center
Description	The resource consists of the future weather scenarios generated for the EUROCLIMA 1 project: (2GGCM X 2 SRES X 2 Time Horizons). Ref.: Euroclima Scientific component Final Report, JRC Technical Reports 2014 pag. 66
Report	Download file
Disclaimer	Info web page
Grid Definition	Download file
Spatial Projection	WGS84
Spatial Resolution Climate	0.25 degrees
Temporal Resolution	Daily
Time Horizons	2000,2020,2050
Number of years per time horizon	22
SRES Scenario	A1B, B1
Global Circulation Model	Hadley3, NCAR
DIMENSIONS
Grid Spatial Projection	WGS84
Grid EPSG Code	4326
Grid Spatial Resolution Climate	0.25 degrees
Period	From: 01/01/1989 - To: 31/12/2010
Time Resolution	1 day
INDICATORS
Variables	Latitude (N), Longitude (E), mean air temperature (°C), maximum air temperature (°C), minimum air temperature (°C), sum of precipitation (mm/day), potential evapotranspiration from a crop canopy (mm/day), total global radiation (KJ/m2/day), mean daily wind speed at 10m (m/s), vapour pressure (hPa), Snow Depth (cm)

Version	2017.01
Date Published	17/07/2017
PROPERTIES
Creator	Food Security Unit of the Joint Research Center (JRC.D.5)
Publisher	Joint Research Centre European Commission
Description	The resource consists of the ISIMIP weather scenarios for the EUROCLIMA 2 project: (5 Models X 2 Rcp: 4.5/8.5). Ref.: Euroclima2 Scientific component Final Report, JRC Technical Reports (not yet available)
Technical Report	Download file
Disclaimer	Info web page
Grid Definition	Download file
Spatial Projection	WGS84
Grid Resolution	0.5 degrees
Temporal Resolution	Daily
Time Horizons Scenarios	2006-2099 (2005 for Hadley model)
Time Horizons Baseline	1981-2005 (2004 for Hadley model)
RCP Scenarios	4.5, 8.5
Global Circulation Model	Hadgem2,Ipsl,Miroc,Gfdl,Noresm1
DIMENSIONS
Period	From: 01/01/1981 - To: 31/12/2099
Time Resolution	1 day
INDICATORS
Variables	maximum air temperature (°C), minimum air temperature (°C), mean air temperature (°C), mean daily wind speed at 10m (m/s), sum of precipitation (mm/day), total global radiation (KJ/m2/day), Mean Relative Air Humidity (%), Minimum Relative Air Humidity (%), Maximum Relative Air Humidity (%), Reference evapotranspiration (mm/day) FAO56

Version	2014.01
Date Published	12/12/2014
PROPERTIES
Description	Results of crop yield simulations on Representative Concentrations Pathway (RCP) aggregated at NUTS 2 level for EU with Norway and Switzerland.
Disclaimer	Info web page
Generic Crop Model	WOFOST
Rice Crop Model	WARM
Simulated Crops	Wheat, Maize, Barley, Rye, Field Beans, Sugar Beet, Rapeseed, Potato, Sunflower, Rice.
Interpolation	No Interpolation
Time Frame	1960-2060
Representative Concentration Pathway	4.5, 8.5
Global Circulation Model	Hadgem2, IPLS. MIROC
RCM	No
Adaptation Measures	No Adaptation
Spatial Resolution Climate	0.25 degrees
Spatial Extension	Europe
Soil Data	Main Soil Type STU at 25x25 km grid resolution
Limiting Factors	Potential not limited, Water Limited
Grid Definition	Download file
Spatial Resolution	25 km
Spatial Projection	Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
DIMENSIONS
Years	From: 1960 - To: 2060
INDICATORS
Variables	Country, Potential Yield Storage, Water Limited Yield Storage, Crop Name

Version	2022.01
Date Published	20/06/2022
PROPERTIES
Creator	Food Security Unit of the Joint Research Center (JRC.D.5)
Publisher	Joint Research Centre European Commission
Description	This dataset describes the distribution of irrigated crops in Europe at a 10 km x 10 km spatial resolution. Additionally, it provides for each irrigated area the information, if the are is actually irrigated (area irrigated at least once a year) and if the area is equipped for irrigation (total irrigable area). The maps of irrigated crops were obtained by disaggregating statistics on irrigated areas by crop type at regional level (NUTS2), collected during the Farm Structure Survey 2010 (EUROSTAT 2010), into a 10 km reference grid. For more details please see the attached pdf.
Disclaimer	Info web page
Spatial Projection	Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
EPSG Code	3035
Grid Resolution	10 km (reference grid EEA, 2013)
Rationale	Info web page
Temporal resolution	STATIC
Variables	CEREALS - Irrigated cereals (excluding maize and rice) in ha per grid cell.
	MAIZE - Irrigated maize (grain and green) in ha per grid cell.
	PULSES - Irrigated pulses in ha per grid cell.
	POTATOES - Irrigated potatoes in ha per grid cell.
	SUGARBEET - Irrigated sugar beet in ha per grid cell.
	TURNIPRAPE - Irrigated rape and turnip rape in ha per grid cell.
	SUNFLOWER - Irrigated sunflower in ha per grid cell.
	FIELD_VEGE - Irrigated fresh vegetables, melons, strawberries, grown on open fields, in ha per grid cell.
	GRASS - Irrigated temporary and permanent grassland in ha per grid cell.
	FRUITBERRY - Irrigated fruit and berry plantations in ha per grid cell.
	VINES - Irrigated vineyards in ha per grid cell.
	CITRUS - Irrigated citrus plantations in ha per grid cell.
	OLIVES - Irrigated olive plantations in ha per grid cell.
	RICE - Irrigated rice in ha per grid cell.
	IA - Area irrigated at least once a year in ha per grid cell.
	TIA - Total irrigable area in ha per grid cell.
	DIFFTIAIA - Difference between TIA and IA.
	NUTS_IDS - NUTS2 code (for Germany NUTS1)
	GRIDS_IDS - Unique ID. The GRIDS_ID is a concatenation of NUTS_IDS + underscore + EEA reference grid ID.